Understand The Basic Parts Of The Ship- Part 1

As we all know a ship is a very large body. Being such a large object ,it's really important to have some uniformity in naming it. Whenever you see a ship in sea you just know it's a ship. But this post will update your knowledge. Always remember one thing that sharing the knowledge will help all of us to grow.
While refering the left and right side of any marine vessel we use the terms ie Portside and Starboard side . The Port side refers to the left side of the vessel when we are facing towards its bow (ie its forward) , whereas the Starboard side refers to the right side of the vessel when we are facing towards its bow. The direction in which the vessel move in forward direction is known as its bow(also known as stem ) whereas the rear side of the vessel is known as stern(also known as astern,aft ). I will provide you with a simple picture to remember this stuff.

(Courtsey:https://aceboater.com)

(Courtsey:http://www.boatsafe.com)

Compared to the ships of older times currently ships are literally very large in size,have very less crew infact research is going on to produce unmanned ships which will be self-driven with the help of Artificial Intelligence process is also going on. During the starting of World War the speed is the thing which matered a lot but now the efficieny of  the vessel which is playing a significant role. 

RINA (Royal Institute of Naval Architect ) is an independent regulatory body which makes several rules , regulations regarding construction,operation,safety and maintaince in the field of naval architecture. There are several members starting from students to working and research professionals who are working hard day by day and attached with RINA to reform this diverse field. 

But while the construction of ships it's important that the shipyard which is responsible for its construction maintain all the rules and regulations and for these the Classification Societies are responsible. Starting from regulation of construction of ship they are responsible to check all the detailed stuff so that the ships are fit for the purpose. We can take a simple example suppose we have to design a vessel and the steel plate required is of 7mm , but due to inavailability of the 7mm plate the shipyard uses 5mm or 9mm plates , this will surely affect the performance of the ship to a large extent , it may also lead to sinking of the vessel .

The history of classification societies dates back to the late 18th century when several merchant ships used to be loaded with extra goods (overloaded) and it resulted in the sinking and capsizing if the vessels. But one the oldest classfication society that is Lloyd's Register came who monitored the construction of vessels and made a rule to load the vessels upto a certain level and thus assigned class to it . "The class A1" shows the ships construction is best in terms of quality of machinary to every manufacturing process.Several classification societies are avialable which are established to deal with the following stuffs like DNV-GL,Lloyd's Register of Shipping, Nippon Kaiji Kyokai, Bureau Veritas ,Indian Registarar Of Shipping,American Bureau Of Shipping, Korean Registarar Of Shipping and many more.

IACS( International Association Of Classification Society ) was established during 1968 by the 7 classification societies , headquatered in London(U.K) , now have 12 members is one of the most technogically sounded association of classification societies.They meet during several occasions to discuss and develop new rules and regulations and share the knowledge for the benifit of industry.

Now whenever you see any vessel let it be boat, steamer, cruise ships or cargo ship , you are assumed to see it. You may say its so big , but when someone asks you what's so big ? You may say its the body of the ship . The thing which you refers as body of the ships which involves several structures installed is known as the Hull of the Vessel. It can be defined as 3 dimensional structure made to accomodate and carry goods and man inside it , installed with several structures and machinary inside and outside of it, it faces all the external and internal forces and move through the water.

Ok is it complex , no problem , when you say the body of ship , simply in technical terms its called as Hull.

Hull of the ship 

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Hull Generated and representation of Hull in 3D manner

(Courtsey:http://cadcamcae.eafit.edu.co)

In olden days the naval architects also known as ship designer use to design the ships by drawing the structure of hull in paper and calculations are done using the use of simple calculators and scale . But now due to introduction of computers several softwares came , one of the basic software is Autodesk's AUTOCAD , which can help to form the structure of hull and other parts. Specialised softwares like DELFT Ship , CATIA by Dassault , Napa , etc are used by naval architect. Relying on technogically not only make the work easier but also creative and interesting .

The construction of hull of the ship starts with the drawing of lines plan of ship. Well lines plan is one of the most proper way to define the hull form of any vessel and is the basic necessity. 

Lines Plan of a ship 

(Courtsey:http://www.fao.org)

The lines plan of the ship consists of 3 different plans with the help of which we represents its 3-D structure. Hence 3 plans are being made, in simple words during construction of a building we make its top, side and front view in a similar manner lines plan consists of Profile,Body Plan and Half Breadth plan . 

Lines Plan of a ship representing its hull form consisting of : Body Plan, Profile and Halfbreadth plan (also known as wateline)respectively from top to bottom 

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These 3 orthoganal planes mutual intersection forms the 3-D structure of hull of any vessel.

As we are saying about all these lines plans now finally i would like to end this post by showing you the 3 different planes of the ship which are known as follows:

1. Middle Line Plane( Longitudinal Plane)

2.Transverse Plane

3.Waterplane

Planes of the Ship or any marine vessel

(Courtsey: Basic Ship Theory )

Thank you very much for reading the post , i will be really thankful if you got to knew new stuffs about the ship . Please share the page among all , and help to share knowledge.

Thank You 

Ayonavo Biswas